What Are the Consequences of Defaulting on a Merchant Cash Advance?

May 15, 2025

What Happens If You Default on a Merchant Cash Advance?

A store is closing and has a lot of signs on the window.

Defaulting on a merchant cash advance (MCA) can result in aggressive collection actions, legal trouble, and significant financial strain for your business. In this guide, we’ll break down what happens when you can’t repay an MCA, including the legal, financial, and operational consequences. We’ll also explore your options if you're facing default and how to protect your business from long-term damage.

Understanding Merchant Cash Advances

A merchant cash advance is not a traditional loan. Instead, it's a financing agreement where a business receives a lump sum in exchange for a percentage of future sales, often repaid daily or weekly through automatic withdrawals. Key characteristics include:

No fixed repayment term – repayments fluctuate based on sales volume
High factor rates – effective APRs can exceed 70–150%
No collateral – but personal guarantees or confessions of judgment are often required

Because of these features, MCAs are fast but risky. When sales drop or cash flow tightens, many businesses struggle to keep up with daily debits—leading to default.

Signs You’re Headed Toward MCA Default

Catching the signs early can help prevent a full-blown default. Look out for:

You’re skipping payroll or vendor payments to make daily MCA debits
You’ve taken out new advances to repay old ones (MCA stacking)
Your revenue has dropped below the break-even point for repayment
You’ve received warnings or default notices from the funder

What Happens When You Default on an MCA?

Defaulting on a merchant cash advance can trigger a range of consequences . Here's a breakdown of the most common outcomes.

1. Daily Collection Calls and Emails

Missed payments will quickly result in a barrage of communication from your funder’s collections team. These are often daily, persistent, and stress-inducing.

2. Freezing of Your Business Bank Account

Many MCA agreements include ACH authorization and bank account access. If you block the funder’s withdrawals or cancel the account, they may:

Contact your bank and request a freeze
Attempt to debit alternative accounts (if listed in the contract)
Use aggressive tactics to resume collections

3. UCC Liens and Credit Damage

Merchant cash advance providers file a UCC-1 lien against your business assets when funding the advance. If you default, the lien becomes actionable:

It affects your ability to secure new financing
Other lenders will view your business as high-risk
Your business credit profile may take a hit

4. Confession of Judgment (COJ)

Some MCA contracts require the business owner to sign a confession of judgment, a legal document that waives your right to dispute a claim in court. Once you default:

The funder can immediately file the COJ in court
A judgment is entered without a trial
The funder can seize bank funds or levy assets

New York and several other states have restricted COJs in recent years, but they are still used in various jurisdictions and can be enforced through legal loopholes.

5. Lawsuits and Court Judgments

If there’s no COJ, the funder may still sue you in civil court. Legal action can result in:

Default judgments
Garnishment of business revenue
Seizure of assets (e.g., equipment, inventory)

6. Increased Debt Load and Stacking

To stay afloat, many business owners take out additional MCAs—known as "stacking"—which increases repayment pressure and makes default more likely. This cycle can spiral quickly.

Can You Go to Jail for Defaulting on an MCA?

No, merchant cash advance default is a civil matter, not a criminal one. You cannot be jailed for failing to repay an MCA. However, if fraud is involved (e.g., providing false bank statements), criminal charges could arise.

What to Do If You’re Facing Default

1. Review the MCA Agreement

Before doing anything, read your contract carefully. Look for:

Confession of judgment clauses
Personal guarantees
Default triggers
Remedies listed for non-payment

Understanding your rights and obligations is essential.

2. Negotiate with the Funders

Some MCA providers are open to modifying the payment schedule, especially if you’re upfront about cash flow problems. Ask about:

Reduced payment plans
Temporary pauses
Buyout options from another funder

Document all communications in writing.

3. Work with an MCA Defense Attorney

If legal action is threatened—or has already begun—it’s wise to consult an attorney experienced in merchant cash advance defense. They may be able to:

Challenge the validity of a confession of judgment
Settle the debt for less than owed
Stop harassing collection practices
Buy you time through litigation or bankruptcy

4. Consider Business Debt Settlement

Debt settlement firms or legal teams can sometimes negotiate large reductions in the total amount owed. This is best done before a lawsuit is filed.

5. Explore Bankruptcy as a Last Resort

In extreme cases, Chapter 11 or Chapter 7 bankruptcy may discharge or restructure MCA debt. This should be a last resort, as it has long-term implications for your business.

How to Prevent MCA Default in the Future

Avoid stacking MCAs or taking new advances to repay old ones
Forecast your cash flow weekly to spot trouble early
Use MCA funds wisely — avoid using them for recurring costs like rent or payroll
Explore alternatives like SBA loans, business lines of credit, or invoice factoring
Have a plan for MCA repayment before signing the agreement

Alternatives to Merchant Cash Advances

If you’re considering funding but want to avoid future headaches, here are some MCA alternatives:

Final Thoughts

Merchant cash advances can offer fast funding, but defaulting on one can put your business at serious risk. From bank account freezes to court judgments, the consequences are real and potentially devastating.
If you're already struggling or see trouble on the horizon, don’t wait. Talk to a qualified attorney or financial advisor about your options. The sooner you act, the more choices you’ll have to avoid the worst outcomes.
Need help dealing with MCA debt? Consult a merchant cash advance defense attorney before things escalate. The right legal support can make a world of difference.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1.What happens if I default on a merchant cash advance?

If you default on a merchant cash advance, you could face collection calls, frozen bank accounts, UCC liens, legal action, and asset seizures. The funder may also file a confession of judgment, allowing them to bypass court and enforce repayment.

2.Can a merchant cash advance company freeze my bank account?

Yes, MCA providers often have the ability to freeze your business bank account if you default. This is typically done through ACH authorization or a court judgment.

3.Is defaulting on an MCA a criminal offense?

No, defaulting on a merchant cash advance is a civil matter. However, if fraud is involved, such as falsifying documents, criminal charges may apply.

4.Can I settle an MCA debt for less than I owe?

In some cases, yes. With the help of a debt settlement firm or attorney, you may be able to negotiate a reduced lump-sum payoff, especially before a lawsuit is filed.

5.Are there alternatives to merchant cash advances?

Yes. Alternatives include SBA loans, business lines of credit, equipment financing, and invoice factoring. These often have better terms and fewer consequences if repayment issues arise.

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